Rwanda Advances Nuclear Energy Plans With IAEA Support And Targets Small Modular Reactor For Future Power Supply

Rwanda is steadily moving forward with its plans to introduce nuclear power as part of its long-term energy strategy. A recent assessment by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has confirmed that the country is making consistent progress in preparing the infrastructure, institutions, and policies required for a safe nuclear energy program. The review, carried out in March 2026, examined Rwanda’s readiness to develop nuclear power and highlighted the government’s strong commitment to diversifying its energy mix.

The government has outlined ambitious targets for its future electricity system. According to national plans, nuclear energy could eventually supply between 60 percent and 70 percent of the country’s electricity needs in the medium to long term. To achieve this goal, Rwanda is exploring the deployment of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), a newer generation of nuclear technology designed to be smaller, safer, and more flexible than traditional nuclear plants. The first reactor is expected to begin operations in the early 2030s if development progresses as planned.

Introducing nuclear power is seen as an important step toward improving energy security in Rwanda. The country currently relies on a mix of hydropower, thermal plants, and electricity imports to meet its growing power demand. By developing nuclear capacity, the government aims to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and limit the need for costly electricity imports from neighboring countries. Officials also believe that reliable electricity will support industrial development and long-term economic growth.

The IAEA conducted the review under its Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review (INIR) mission. The team of international experts acknowledged several positive steps taken by Rwanda so far. These include strong coordination among government institutions, early planning for emergency preparedness, and active communication with the public about the country’s nuclear plans. The government has already created the Rwanda Atomic Energy Board to guide nuclear development and is currently working on a comprehensive nuclear law to strengthen regulation and oversight.

At the same time, the IAEA offered several recommendations to help Rwanda align its program with global safety standards. These suggestions include finalizing a detailed national report that will support key policy decisions and completing the development of specific regulatory and operational policies required for a nuclear energy program.

Jimmy Gasore, Rwanda’s Minister of Infrastructure, stated that the government is committed to building the nuclear program in a transparent and responsible manner. He noted that the country will continue to rely on guidance from the IAEA to ensure the project follows international best practices for safety, security, and environmental protection.

Rwanda’s move toward nuclear power represents an important step in its broader energy transition. As electricity demand continues to grow, the country is seeking reliable and low-carbon energy sources to support development while meeting climate commitments. Through ongoing cooperation with the IAEA, Rwanda plans to continue strengthening its legal, technical, and safety frameworks before the first reactor becomes operational.